![]() ![]() It is explained with this formula for the likelihood of error when QEC is being applied: Professor Biercuk said: "How much gain you realize in performing this type of 'simple' quantum error correction scales like a 'super exponential' based on a ratio of error likelihood to error threshold." This is by no means the most modern QEC encoding mechanism, but the mathematics of how concatenated QEC gives benefits is easy to understand. One approach to implementing QEC is known as concatenated quantum error correction. The further below the error threshold you are, the more physical resources you have available to do the real work you want a quantum computer to do: processing quantum algorithms. The error threshold is the break-even point: it represents the point where all the resources you have spent to perform logical encoding and running the process of error detection and correction are balanced out by the gains in reducing the likelihood of error overall.īut break-even isn't really good enough. "You want to get not just below the error threshold but as far below as possible," he said. Professor Bartlett said quantum error correction is slow, costly, complex, so using mechanisms to suppress errors before you run any algorithms is essential. You want to do everything to reduce or eliminate errors first." He said: "Error correction is resource expensive. He is not associated with Q-CTRL but is an academic colleague of Professor Biercuk. Professor Stephen Bartlett is a theoretical quantum physicist at the University of Sydney working on the development of quantum error correction. But what about future functionality?Īs we move towards universal, fault-tolerant quantum computing, error correction will be critical - but will be used as a last resort. We've talked about the NISQ regime and how Q-CTRL can help before. ![]() ![]() "It's as simple as that: by driving down hardware error rates you expand the functionality of your system you expand what it can do before it suffers an algorithmic error," Q-CTRL CEO Professor Michael Biercuk said. In this regime Q-CTRL directly improves the performance of quantum operations and enhances the coherence of quantum bits in these systems. Our community isn't yet at the stage where we have a fully encoded logical qubit, but there is a global research effort under way trying to work out how to get us there, how we can make QEC more efficient, and what can be done in the interim.įor near-term technology - what CalTech's John Preskill has called Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum technology - quantum error correction is not required but errors remain a major concern. This procedure protects the integrity of the original quantum information even while the quantum processor runs - but at a cost.ĭepending on the nature of the hardware and the type of algorithm you choose to run, the ratio between the number of physical qubits you need to support a single logical qubit varies - but current estimates put it at about 1000 to one. QEC is a process whereby the quantum information stored in a single qubit is distributed across other supporting qubits we say that this information is "encoded" in a logical quantum bit. Much of the great promise supporting our community's aspirations for quantum computing at-scale, and in the long term, comes from quantum error correction (QEC). But there are many successes to be achieved along the way. Building a universal quantum computer with millions of entangled, coherent quantum bits running complex algorithms is not going to be simple or straightforward. The journey to realizing functional quantum computers will be long and it's a path that Q-CTRL is committed to making as easy as possible for you.Īnd by easy, we mean less difficult. ![]()
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